Upaya Pelestarian Keanekaragaman Hayati

Tugas Kelompok presentasi Biologi saya :D

Mengapa Keanekaragaman Hayati Perlu dilestarikan?

Karena menurunnya (semakin langkanya)  keanekaragaman hayati atau biodiversitas manusia perlu melakukan upaya dan aktivitas yang dapat melestarikan dan mengembangkan keanekaragaman hayati.

Macam Macam Perlindungan Alam

a) perlindungan alam umum, yaitu secara terbimbing oleh para ahli atau diarahkan (seperti Kebun Raya Bogor dan Taman Nasional), dan secara ketat yang sesuai kehendak alam tanpa adanya campur Tangan manusia kecuali jika diperlukan..

b) perlindungan alam khusus, yaitu yang ditujukan kepada satu atau beberapa unsure alam tertentu. Contohnya: perlindungan botani, perlindungan zoology, perlindungan geologi,perlindungan alam antropologi, dan perlindungan ikan.

c) Perlindungan satwa langka, yaitu yang dikenal dengan suaka marga satwa. Cara pelestariannya diantaranya:

1) dibuat undang-undang perburuan serta tindakan hukuman bagi pelanggar.

2) membiarkan hewan-hewan langka yang hamper punah.

3) memindahkan hewan langka yang hamper punah ke habitat yang lebih cocok.

 

Pemanfaatan Keanekaragaman Hayati Melalui Usaha Pelestarian

1. Tebang pilih, yaitu penebangan pohon secara selektif (terpilih) bagi pohon-pohon yang memenuhi persyaratan untuk ditebang, baik dari segi umur, ketersediaan jenisnya, maupun jumlahnya.

2. Reboisasi, yaitu penanaman kembali hutan bekas tebangan dengan tumbuhan yang masih muda.

3. Perburuan musiman, yaitu pemanfaatan SDA pada musim tertentu, yaitu menghindari berburu pada musim kawin, masa hamil, atau masa beranak.

4. Penganekaragaman bahan pangan, yaitu pemanfaatan SDA sebagai bahan pangan secara bervariasi dengan menghindari penggunaan bahan makanan satu jenis saja sehingga tidak menghabi

Pembiakan Hewan Menurut Tempatnya:

1. Pembiakan In situ

•Adalah pembiakan makhluk hidup di habitat aslinya 

•Contoh : taman nasional Baluran, Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon

 

2. Pembiakan Ex Situ

•Pembiakan Ex situ yaitu  pembiakan diluar habitat asli, akan tetapi lingkungan dibuat mirip asli

•Contoh: penangkaran harimau di kebun binatang  

 

 

 Kawasan Konservasi Hewan langka meliputi :

Taman nasional, Cagar Alam, Suaka Marga Satwa, Wisata Alam, Taman Hutan Raya, Taman buru

 

Daftar Tabel beberapa Taman Nasional Di Indonesia. (maaf berantakan)

Nama Taman Nasional	Tempat	Hewan	Tumbuhan
Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser	Sumatra Utara	Gajah, beruang madu, harimau dan badak sumatra, Tapir, orang utan	Meranti, keruing, durian hutan, menteng, dan raflesia arnoldi
Taman Nasional Kerinci Seblat	Sumatera Selatan, Sumatera Barat	Tapir, Landak, berang-berang,  siamang	Bunga Bangkai, Raflesia Arnoldi, Palem, Kismis
Taman Nasional Bukit Barisan	Bengkulu	Rangkong, tapir, bangau, trenggiling, badak sumat	Meranti, keruing, damar, raflesia
Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon	Provinsi Banten	Badak  bercula satu, banteng, harimau loreng, surili	Tidak ada tumbuhan khusus
Taman Nasional Kepulauan seribu	DKI jakarta	Ikan –ikan laut dan habitatnya	Terumbu karang

 

Nama Taman Nasional	Tempat	Hewan	Tumbuhan
Taman Nasional Bromo-Tenger-Semeru	Jawa Timur	Babi Hutan, kijang, aya hutan, rusa, macan tutul	Cemara gunung
Taman Nasional Meru Betiri	Jawa Timur	Banteng, kera ekor panjang, penyu hijau	Raflesia zollingeriana
Taman Nasional Baluran	Jawa Timur	Ular Piton, banteng, rusa, lingsang, kijang	Dadap biru, kosambi, widoro,, nimba,
Taman Nasional Komodo	Pulau Komodo, NTT	Komodo	Kayu hitam, dan bayur
Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting	Kalimantan Barat, Kalimantan Tengah	Orang utan, lutung, kancil, musang	Tanaman bergetah

Deskripsi Golden Gate Bridge

Good morning friend, in this session i will explaining about :                      

Do you ever know golden gate bridge? No?, Okay i will description about that, listen to me,

The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the opening of the San Francisco Bay into the Pacific Ocean. The color of the bridge is officially an orange vermillion called international orange. the structure links the city of San Francisco, on the northern tip of the San Francisco Peninsula, to Marin County. It is one of the most internationally recognized symbols of San Francisco, California, and of the United States. It has been declared one of the modern Wonders of the World by the American Society of Civil Engineers. The Frommers travel guide considers the Golden Gate Bridge "possibly the most beautiful, certainly the most photographed, bridge in the world".

Do you want to watch the video of the golden gate bridge? Okay, i will show the video of the golden gate bridge.(watching video)  how, amazing is’nt it?

The bridge's name was first used in 1917 by M.M. O'Shaughnessy, city engineer of San Francisco, and Strauss.  Joseph Strauss, Irving Morrow, and Charles Ellis was chief engineer in charge of overall design and construction of the bridge project. The Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District, authorized by an act of the California Legislature, was incorporated in 1928 as the official entity to design, construct, and finance the Golden Gate Bridge. Construction began on January 5, 1933. The project cost more than $35 million. The Golden Gate Bridge construction project was carried out by the McClintic-Marshall Construction Co.

Listen to me please

The bridge-opening celebration began on May 27, 1937 and lasted for one week. The day before vehicle traffic was allowed, 200,000 people crossed by foot and roller skate.  An official song, "There's a Silver Moon on the Golden Gate", was chosen to commemorate the event.

When completed in 1937, the Golden Gate Bridge had the longest suspension bridge main span in the world, at 4,200 feet (1,280.2 m). The total length of the Golden Gate Bridge, including approaches from abutment to abutment, is 8,981 feet (2,737 m). As the only road to exit San Francisco to the north, the bridge is part of both U.S. Route 101 and California Route 1.

The Golden Gate Bridge by night, with part of downtown San Francisco visible in the background at far left. A view of the Golden Gate Bridge from the bay during a hazy afternoon.

On September 2, 2008, the auto cash toll for all southbound motor vehicles was raised from $5 to $6, and the FasTrak toll was increased from $4 to $5. Bicycle, pedestrian, and northbound motor vehicle traffic remain toll free.[42] For vehicles with more than two axles, the toll rate is $2.50 per axle.

People usually call it the suicides bridge . Do you know what the meaning of suicide? In indonesian, suicide is meaning to bunuh diri. Okay i want show the video of people suicide on golden gate bridge. Listen carefully (watching video) is that terrible isn’t it?

More people die by suicide at the Golden Gate Bridge than at any other site in the world. In a week average 20  people suicide in there. The deck is approximately 245 feet (75 m) above the water. Most suicidal jumps occur on the side facing the bay. The side facing the Pacific is closed to pedestrians. They think,

wow really excited isn’t it?  I hope i can go to there. 

tugas bahasa inggris saya . berantakan sekali ya  

Kadadean Rawa Pening

B

aru Klinthing inku bocah ingkang sekti dheweke manggon ana tlatah desa kang jenenge Desa Pening ing Kutha Ambarawa. Baru Klinthing tapa ing gunung Slamet kanggo nggolek kasektian. Sebab Kasektiane Baru Klinthing dikuthuk karo roh jahat saka Gunung Slamet. Kuthukan sing dirasaake Baru Klinthing  nduweni memala lan borok lan ora iso mari ana ing sakujur awake Baru Klinthing. Borok kuwi ambune amis nyebabake Baru Klinthing dikucilake masyarakat sakiwa tengene. Kaya dene bocah liyane Baru Klinthing padha-padha seneng dolanan. Baru Klinthing arep pengen melu dolanan ananging bocah-bocah ora ngetuki lantaran ambune Baru Klinthing amis lan anyir banget. Ora mung kuwi thok, bocah-bocah uga padha ngenyeki Baruklinthing sedih banjur lunga ngadohi bocah-bocah mau. Ana sakjroning dalan, Baruklinthing rumangsa luwe dheweke banjur njaluk mangan marang warga deso kuwi nanging ora ana warga desa sing menehi dheweke mangan. Baru Klinthing kuciwa, padahal warga desa Pening iku kagolong deso sing makmur, nanging wargane padha. Baru Klinthing ora entuk mangan saka warga malah diusir saka kampung.

                Baru Klinthing luwe lan kesel  akhire dheweke tekan omahe Mbok Randha sing apikan atine lan ora sombong. Mbok Randha mau mesaake banget marang baru Klinthing sing ngeleh lan awake reget lusuh kebak memala kang ambune ora enak. Baru Klinthing banjur diwenehi mangan karo Mbok Randha. Baru Klinthing banjur seneng banget, dheweke ora ngira menawa mbok randha sing uripe serba kekurangan nanging isih gelem menehi  dheweke mangan. Sakbare mangan, Baru Klinting  banjur resik resik awak ing omahe mbok randa mau, nanging tetp wae sisik lan memala ana ing awake kuwi durung isa ilang. Sakbare kuwi Baru Klinting  ngucapake matursuwun marang mbok randha kang uwis apikan mau. Baru Klinting banjur pamitan lan menehi pesen marang mbok randa, yen dheweke krungu suara kenthongan supaya dheweke enggal enggal numpak prahu utawa lesung. Mbok Randa mau nyanggupi pesene Baru Klinting banjur baru klinting lunga saka omahe mbok randa mau.

                Sakjrone dalan saka omahe mbok randa mau Baru klinting ketemu karo bocah bocah  sing padha dolanan mau. Baru Klinting kepingin melu dolanan amarga ditolak lan diusir dienyek bocah bocah sing ngerasa jijik amarga dheweke reget lan kebak borok ambune amis. Baruklinting nesu lan entek kasabarane amarga dienyek lan diusir terus karo bocah bocah kampung Pening mau. Baru klinting nancepake biting ana ing lemah cedhak panggon dolanane bocah-bocah mau, lan baru klinting ngcapaake sumpah yen ora ana sing sanggup nyabut biting mau, sakliane dheweke. Bocah-bocah sing padha dolanan mau nyedhaki lan siji siji nyoba nyabut biting mau saka lemah. Suwe suwe kabeh bocah sing padha sombong mau njajal siji siji nyabut bitig nanging ora ono sing isa banjur padha nyerah. Saiki gantinan wong tua-tua padha nyoba nyabut biting mau nanging uga ora ana sing bisa.

                Bocah-bocah lan wong tua-tua padha putus asa, kuciwa ora isa nyabut biting cilik mau saka  lemah. Warga mau banjur nanthang Baru Klinting genti apa dheweke isa nyabut biting mau saka lemah, Akhire baru klinting nyabut biting mau tanpa kangelan,  kanthi gampang banget. Saka lemah bekas cabutan biting mau mentu banyu bening sing nyemur sithik amarga bolongan lemahe cilik. Warga deso Pening padha seneng lan sorak sorak,nanging selot suwe banyu mau selot akeh ora mandhek. Ora krasa banyu mau dhuwure uwis sakdengkul, banjur sak weteng, banjur sak kuping , Kenthongan ditutuk banter minangka ana bahaya.,  Mbok Randa banjur numpak lesung. Banyu saka cabutan biting mau metu selot suwe selot akeh nglelepake desa Pening lan masyarakate sing padha sombong. Warga sak desa Pening mau ora ono sing slamet, kabeh padha klelep, kajaba mbok randa sing numpak prahu lesung mau, tekan desa sebelah ditulungi lan manggo ing deso sebelah. Mbok randa mau bajur crita – crita marang warga liyane lan kenalane kisahe Baruklinting mau. Supaya kabeh warga padha ngajeni Baru Klinthing minangka sing njaga Rawa Pening. Sakwise desa pening mau klelep kabeh dadi rawa lan dijenengake Rawa Pening Baru klinting ngubah wujud dadi ula gedhe sing njaga Rawa Pening  urip ing dasar rawa. Kadang kala ula kuwi nampaake wujude nalika dina meh wengi. Nganti saiki ula kuwi isih diajeni lan dianggep warga sekitar Rawa Pening sebagai penjaga Rawa Pening. Saben wulan wulan tertentu ula kuwi di kei sesajen supaya daerah sekitar Rawa Pening dadi tentrem ora ana memala apa apa.\\

tugas bahasa jawa. kasih bendera kalau dapat membantu anda :D